Arrays

• Traversal, insertion, deletion

• Searching & sorting (binary search, merge sort, quick sort)

• Two-pointer technique

• Sliding window

Strings

• String manipulation (palindrome, anagram, substring)

• Pattern matching

• StringBuilder vs StringBuffer

• Regex basics

Linked Lists

• Singly & doubly linked list

• Reversal, cycle detection (Floyd's algorithm)

• Merge two sorted lists

Stacks & Queues

• Stack using array/linked list

• Infix, postfix, prefix expressions

• Queue, Circular Queue, Priority Queue

• Deque

Recursion

• Basic recursion patterns

• Backtracking

Hashing

• HashMap, HashSet

• Frequency count, duplicates

Trees

• Binary Tree, Binary Search Tree (BST)

• Traversals (in-order, pre-order, post-order)

Introduction:

• Java History and Versions

• Differences between java and others

• Java Features

• Java Naming Conventions

Java Architecture

• Introduction to Java architecture: JDK, JRE, and JVM.

• Java Installation and setup with VS code

• Text-Editors

• Run and Compile a Java Files

• Explain the Java file Structure

Language Fundamentals

• Operators

• Identifiers

• Literals

• Data Types and Type casting

• Java Statements

• Arrays

• Variable and Identifiers

• Data Types and Type casting

• Tokens and Literals in Java

• Operators

• Arrays and Strings in Java

• User input with Scanner Class

• Control Flow Statement in java
• Decision Making Statements :- If-else and switch statement
• Loop Statement :- While, do-while, for and for-each loops

Methods in Java

• Create and Call Methods

• Parameters and Arguments

• Recursion in Methods

• Method Overloading & Scopes

OOPS

• Introduction

• Class and Objects

• Attributes and Methods with example

• Constructors and its parameters

• Modifiers
• Access
• Non-Access

• Encapsulations

• Inheritance concept

• Overloading Vs Overriding

• Polymorphism in Java

• Static, This and final Keyword in java

• Abstract class and method in java

• Interfaces in java

• Enums in Java

• Types of classes
• Nested classes
• Member inner Class
• Anonymous Inner class
• Local Inner class
• Static nested class

• Exceptional handling in Java

• Regular expression (RegEx) in Java

• I/O Streams in Java

• Generics in java

Packages:

• What is a package

• Types of packages
• Predefined packages
• User defined packages

Reflection API:

• Class

• Field

• Method

• Constructor

Garbage Collection:

• Introduction

• Approaches to make an object for GC

• Methods for requesting JVM to run GC

• Finalization

Collection Framework

• Collection Architecure

• List and its implementations
• Array List
• LinkedList
• List Sorting

• Hash Set

• Hash Map

• Queue and its implementations
• Priority Queue
• De-queue
• Priority Blocking Queue
• Linked Blocking Queue

• Iterators
• Iterator
• List Iterator

• Collectors

Java 8 features

• Lambda Expressions
• Functional Interfaces

• Stream APIs

• Date and Time APIs

• Java 8 features into collection framework

• MultiThreading
• Concept of thread
• Race condition
• Thread Pooling

JSP and Servlet

• Introduction to Web Development
• Overview of Web Technologies
• Difference between Java Servlets and CGI
• Introduction to Java EE
• Understanding Web Servers and Application Servers
• Setting Up the Development Environment (Eclipse/VS Code with plugins)

• Three layer architecture
• View layer
• Service layer
• DAO layer

• Servlet Basics
• Introduction to Servlets
• Servlet Lifecycle (init, service, destroy)
• Writing Your First Servlet
• Deployment Descriptor (web.xml)
• Servlet Mapping and URL Patterns
• Handling GET and POST Requests
• ServletConfig and ServletContext

• Advanced Servlet Concepts
• Request Dispatching (forward and include)
• Session Management (Cookies, HttpSession, URL Rewriting)
• Servlet Filters
• Error Handling in Servlets

• Introduction to JSP
• Understanding JSP and its Advantages
• JSP vs. Servlets
• JSP Lifecycle
• Writing Your First JSP Page
• Scripting Elements
• JSP Directives & Actions
• JSP Implicit Objects (request, response, session, config)

• Advanced JSP Concepts
• JSP Actions and Custom Tags
• Error Handling in JSP

• Integrating JSP and Servlets
• Passing Data between Servlets and JSP
• Using JSP as a View Layer
• Application Design with JSP and Servlets

JDBC

• Introduction to JDBC
• Overview of JDBC: What is JDBC, Importance of JDBC in Java applications, JDBC Architecture and API components
• Setting Up the Environment: (Installing and setting up JDK, Configuring a database (e.g. MySQL)

• JDBC Basics
• Understanding JDBC Drivers
• Connecting to a Database: (JDBC URL, Username, and Password)
• Establishing a connection using DriverManager, Handling SQLException and understanding error codes)

• Advanced JDBC Concepts
• Prepared Statement in JDBC
• Batch Processing: (Introduction to batch processing, Adding multiple queries to a batch)
• ResultSets in JDBC

• Transaction Management
• Introduction to Transactions
• Managing Transactions in JDBC

• Connection Pooling
• Introduction to Connection Pooling:
• Implementing Connection Pooling

• Error Handling in JDBC
• Error Handling in JDBC

• Security in JDBC Applications
• Preventing SQL Injection

• Deployment of JDBC
• Packaging and Deploying JDBC Applications
• Maintaining and Scaling JDBC Applications

Hibernate Framework

• Introduction to Hibernate
• What is Hibernate (Overview of Object-Relational Mapping (ORM)
• Setting Up Hibernate

• Basic Hibernate Concepts
• Hibernate Configuration (Understanding hibernate.cfg.xml., Configuring database connection settings.)
• Creating Your First Entity (Annotating a Java class with @Entity., Defining primary keys with @Id.)
• Basic CRUD Operations

• Mapping Relationships
• One-to-One Relationship
• One-to-Many and Many-to-One Relationships
• Many-to-Many Relationshi

• Querying with Hibernate
• Hibernate Query Language (HQL) (Writing basic HQL queries to retrieve and manipulate data, Using parameters in HQL queries.)
• Criteria API (Introduction to Criteria API for building queries programmatically.)
• Native SQL Queries (Executing native SQL queries and mapping results to entities.)

• Performance Optimization
• Caching (Introduction to first-level cache., Basic overview of second-level caching (optional for beginners).)
• Lazy vs. Eager Loading (Understanding fetch strategies and their impact on performance.)

Spring and Spring Boot

• Introduction to Spring Framework
• Overview of Spring Framework
• Importance and Benefits of Spring
• Core Components of Spring
• Setting up a Spring Project

• Spring Core Concepts
• Inversion of Control (IoC) and Dependency Injection (DI)
• Understanding IoC and DI
• Configuring Beans in Spring
• Spring IoC Container and Application Context
• Spring Beans
• Bean Lifecycle
• Bean Factory vs. ApplicationContext
• Spring Configuration

• Annotations and @Autowired in Spring
• Spring Annotations Overview
• Introduction to Annotations in Spring
• Commonly Used Annotations
• Core Annotations
• Repository ,Controller, Service
• @Configuration and @Bean
• Dependency Injection Annotations
• @Autowired
• @Qualifier and @Primary
• @Value for Property Injection

• Spring AOP (Aspect-Oriented Programming)
• Introduction to AOP
• AOP Concepts
• Using AOP in Spring

• Three-Layer Architecture in Spring
• Introduction to Three-Layer Architecture
• Overview of Presentation, Service, and Data Access Layers
• Importance of Layered Architecture in Software Development
• Presentation Layer
• Handling User Inputs and Displaying Outputs
• Controllers in Spring MVC
• View Technologies (JSP, Thymeleaf)
• Service Layer
• Business Logic Implementation
• Creating and Managing Services
• Service Interfaces and Implementations
• Data Access Layer
• Interaction with Databases
• Repositories and DAOs in Spring
• Using Spring Data JPA for Data Access

• Spring Data Access
• Spring JDBC
• Introduction to Spring JDBC
• Setting Up JDBC (mySQL) in Spring
• Data Source Configuration
• Application.properties uses
• DAO Support Classes
• Spring ORM
• Overview of ORM and JPA
• Integrating Hibernate with Spring
• Spring Data JPA
• Transaction Management
• Programmatic vs. Declarative Transactions
• Transaction Propagation and Isolation Levels

• Spring MVC
• Introduction to Spring MVC
• MVC Design Pattern
• Setting up Spring MVC Project
• Controllers
• Creating Controllers
• Request Mapping and Response Handling
• Form Handling in Spring MVC
• Views
• View Resolvers and View Technologies (JSP)
• Model and Model And View
• Validation and Exception Handling
• Input Validation in Spring MVC
• Global and Controller-Level Exception Handling

• Introduction to Spring Boot
• Advantages of Spring Boot
• Spring Boot Architecture
• Setting up a Spring Boot Project with Spring initializer and VS Code

• Spring Boot Core Concepts
• Spring Boot Starters
• Understanding Spring Boot Starters
• Commonly Used Starters
• Spring Boot Auto Configuration
• Auto Configuration Overview
• Customizing Auto Configuration
• Spring Boot Configuration
• Profiles in Spring Boot
• POM.xml
• Beans
• Spring Boot DevTools
• Enabling and Using Spring Boot DevTools

• Building RESTful Web Services with Spring Boot
• Introduction to RESTful Web Services
• Creating RESTful Services(CRUD) in Spring Boot
• Handling HTTP Methods (GET, POST, PUT, DELETE)
• Content Negotiation and Versioning
• Exception Handling in RESTful Services
• Securing REST APIs with Spring Security

• Spring Boot Data Access
• Spring Data JPA with Spring Boot
• Setting up Spring Data JPA in Spring Boot
• Creating Repositories
• Query Methods and Custom Queries
• Spring Boot with Relational Databases
• Using MySQL with Spring Boot

• Spring Boot Testing

• Spring Security
• Introduction to Spring Security
• Securing Web Applications
• Role-Based Access Control
• Spring Security XML Based Example
• Spring Security Java Based Example

• Microservices with Spring Boot
• Introduction to Microservices Architecture
• Building Microservices with Spring Boot
• Service Discovery with Eureka
• API Gateway with Spring Cloud Gateway
• Circuit Breakers with Resilience4j/Hystrix
• Distributed Tracing with Spring Cloud Sleuth

• Advanced Spring Boot Features
• Spring Boot Actuator
• Monitoring and Managing Spring Boot Applications
• Customizing Actuator Endpoints

• Capstone Projects
• Project
• Employee Management application with CRUD operations using Spring Boot. This will cover creating, reading, updating, and deleting employee records with three layer architecture.

Introduction to AI & ML

• What is AI What is ML What is Deep Learning

• AI vs ML vs DL

• Where AI fits in web development

• Real-world examples

• Objective: Build interest and clarity in the AI landscape.

Weka ML for Beginners

• Introduction to Weka

• Explore Weka GUI: load CSV, run classifiers

Encog Lightweight Neural Networks in Java

• Introduction to Encog

• Creating a small feedforward neural network

DL4J Deep Learning in Java

• What is DL4J (DeepLearning4J)

• Understanding layers, activations, loss functions

Spring AI API Overview Modern AI Services

• What is Spring AI

• Overview with OpenAI, Hugging Face, and others

• Prompt templates and responses